Urogenital tuberculosis: definition and classification

Autonephrectomy due to urogenital tuberculosis

A 45-year-old male presented with history of left flank pain for 1 year, which was mild dull aching in nature. Plain X-ray film of the urinary tract (Fig. 1) was suggestive of diffuse calcification in the left renal area (broad arrow) along with calcification in the ipsilateral ureter region (thin arrows). Chest X-ray was normal. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) of kidney, ureter and bladd...

Urogenital tuberculosis: patient classification in seven different groups according to clinical and radiological presentation

Urogenital tuberculosis: patient classification in seven different groups according to clinical and radiological presentation.

PURPOSE To describe and classify 80 cases of urogenital tuberculosis in seven groups of similar clinical and radiological presentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS 80 patients (56 males, 70%; median age 34 years; age range 12 to 75) with urogenital tuberculosis were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided in seven groups: 1) Bilateral parenchymatous renal lesions; 2) No or minimal chang...

Constipation: definition and classification.

Tannins: classification and definition.

The name ‘tannin’ is derived from the French ‘tanin’ (tanning substance) and is used for a range of natural polyphenols. Since ancient times it is known that certain organic substances have tanning properties and are able to tan animal skins to form leather. Prehistoric tribes already knew about the tanning of protective animal hides with brain material and the fat of the killed animals. Howeve...